Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: paired calibration errors
Two calibration errors A and B have variances 4 and 9 and correlation -1/3. Determine the constant k for which the error summaries 2A + B and kA + 3B are uncorrelated.
- A
-3.375 - B
-2.500 - C
-1.875 - D
0 - E
2.500
Answer and calculation
The covariance is -2. Expanding the covariance of the two summaries gives 6k + 15, which is zero at k = -2.5 and selects choice B.
Setup
Setup
Recover the covariance from the correlation and the standard deviations 2 and 3.
Cov(A,B)=−31(2)(3)=−2 Model
Model
Set the covariance between the two proposed error summaries equal to zero.
Cov(2A+B,kA+3B)=0 Compute
Compute
Expand all four covariance contributions and combine like terms.
2k(4)+6(−2)+k(−2)+3(9)=0 Answer
Answer
The summaries are uncorrelated when k is negative 2.5.
k=−2.500(B)