This Exam P sample reference tests Uniform Distribution. The stated moments identify a uniform interval from 7 to 10. Conditioning on survival past 7.5 restricts the possible interval to length 2.5, while continuing past 9 leaves length 1, so the conditional probability is 1/2.5=0.40 and choice B is correct.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
AThis is the unconditional probability of exceeding 9, namely the one-unit upper segment divided by the full width 3.
CThis uses the symmetry probability above the mean, 0.50, even though the cutoff is 9 and the sample is conditioned at 7.5.
DThis is the complement of the requested conditional tail, representing an endpoint at or below 9 after the condition is imposed.
EThis is the probability of the conditioning event itself, P(X>7.5)=2.5/3, rather than the conditional probability.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: dual-courier arrival order
Two couriers arrive independently at a loading bay, with each arrival time uniform over the same ten-minute receiving window. Given that at least one courier arrives during the first four minutes, calculate the probability that both couriers arrive during the first six minutes.
A 0.320
B 0.360
C 0.500
D 0.563
E 0.640
Variant answer in brief
The conditioning event occupies probability 0.64. Both arrivals lie before minute six and at least one lies before minute four with probability 0.36-0.04=0.32, so the conditional probability is 0.32/0.64=0.50 and choice C is correct.
Setup
Setup
Let U and V be the two independent arrival times, each uniform from zero to ten. Express the condition and target using their minimum and maximum.
C={min(U,V)<4}
B={max(U,V)<6}
Model
Model
Use the complement in which both couriers arrive at or after minute four to find the probability of the conditioning event.
Pr(C)=1−Pr(U≥4,V≥4)
Pr(C)=1−(106)2=0.64
Compute
Compute
Within the square where both arrivals are before minute six, remove the smaller square where both fall between minutes four and six.
The 3108-page Probability Proof Manual reorganizes 718 verified Exam P solutions by syllabus skill and adds formula proofs, error patterns, and original worked practice.