This Exam P sample reference tests Uniform Distribution. Uniform conditional probabilities reduce to ratios of interval lengths. The two supplied ratios determine upper endpoint 13 and lower endpoint 1, so the unconditional tail length is 9/12=0.75 and choice B is correct.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
AThis reports the supplied conditional probability 0.70 as though conditioning on the upper truncation had no effect.
CThis averages the two supplied conditional probabilities, (0.70+0.90)/2=0.80, even though an unconditional probability is not their unweighted average.
DWith b=13, an unconditional value 0.85 would imply a=2.4118; that endpoint gives 7/(11-a)=0.8151 and fails the second condition.
EThis reports the supplied conditional probability 0.90 as though restricting the sample space to values above three did not matter.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: conditional quality score
A quality score is uniformly distributed from 2 to an unknown upper endpoint b. Its 75th percentile is 14. Given that an observed score exceeds 10, calculate the conditional expected score.
A 8
B 10
C 12
D 14
E 18
Variant answer in brief
The percentile equation determines b=18. Conditioning on a score above 10 leaves a uniform distribution on [10,18], whose midpoint and mean are 14, so choice D is correct.
Setup
Setup
Write the uniform percentile as the lower endpoint plus 75% of the support width.
14=2+0.75(b−2)
Model
Model
Solve the endpoint and identify the conditional distribution above the threshold.
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