Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: count records carrying exactly two flags
In an archive, 180 records carry both flags A and B, 150 carry both A and C, and 110 carry both B and C. Sixty records carry all three flags. How many records carry exactly two of the flags?
- A
140 - B
180 - C
200 - D
320 - E
260
Answer and calculation
Each three-flag record appears in all three pair counts. Removing its three appearances leaves 260 records with exactly two flags, choice E.
Setup
Setup
Add the three pairwise-intersection counts to form S=440. This sum counts records according to how many pairs of flags they contain.
S=N(A∩B)+N(A∩C)+N(B∩C)=440 Model
Model
A record with exactly two flags appears in one pair count, whereas a record with all three flags appears in all three pair counts.
S=N(exactly two)+3N(A∩B∩C) Compute
Compute
The 60 three-flag records contribute 3(60)=180 to S, so removing those contributions leaves 440-180=260 exactly-two records.
N(exactly two)=440−3(60)=260 Answer
Answer
Thus 260 records carry exactly two flags, which is choice E.
260(E)