This Exam P sample reference tests Exponential Distribution. Five events per four years means annual rate 1.25 and mean waiting time 0.8 year. The exponential median is 0.8 ln(2)=0.5545 year, choice A.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
BA waiting time of 0.73 year has exponential CDF 1-exp(-1.25(0.73)) about 0.598. It is near the 60th percentile, not the median.
CThe value 0.80 is the mean waiting time 1/1.25. For an exponential distribution, the median is the mean multiplied by ln(2).
DThe value 0.87 is approximately 1.25 ln(2). It incorrectly treats the annual rate 1.25 as the mean waiting time.
EThe value 1.25 is the event rate per year, not a duration. Its reciprocal is the mean waiting time.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: median of a monotone wear score
A calibration time T is exponentially distributed with mean 3 hours. A device records the wear score W=T²+4T. Calculate the median of W.
A 2.08
B 4.32
C 12.64
D 21.00
E 30.00
Variant answer in brief
The transformation is increasing for nonnegative times, so the median score is obtained by transforming the exponential median 3 ln(2). This gives 12.6418, choice C.
Setup
Setup
Find the median of the underlying exponential calibration time.
mT=3ln2=2.0794415
Model
Model
The score function is strictly increasing on the nonnegative support, so it preserves percentile order.
g(t)=t2+4t,g′(t)=2t+4>0
mW=g(mT)
Compute
Compute
Apply the score transformation to the time median.
mW=(3ln2)2+4(3ln2)=12.6418433
Answer
Answer
The median recorded wear score is approximately 12.64.
The 3108-page Probability Proof Manual reorganizes 718 verified Exam P solutions by syllabus skill and adds formula proofs, error patterns, and original worked practice.