This Exam P sample reference tests Normal Distribution. Combining the unconditional and deductible-conditioned CDF statements gives a deductible CDF value of 0.164. Its standard-normal quantile is -0.97815, so the standard deviation is 2000/0.97815=2044.68, corresponding to choice A.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
BAt c=2267, the deductible CDF would be 0.18883 and the resulting conditional probability would be 0.94847, not 0.9500.
CAt c=2393, the deductible CDF would be 0.20164, producing conditional probability 0.94764. This does not satisfy the two supplied CDF statements simultaneously.
DAt c=2505, standardizing the deductible gives about -0.7984 and conditional probability 0.94693, below the required 0.9500.
EAt c=2840, the deductible CDF rises to about 0.24065 and the conditional probability falls to about 0.94495. The spread is too large.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: retained chamber readings
A chamber temperature X has a Gaussian model with mean 70°C and standard deviation 8°C. The logging system retains a reading only if it lies between 62°C and 78°C, inclusive. Given that a reading was retained, determine the probability that it is above 74°C.
A 0.14988
B 0.21955
C 0.30854
D 0.53281
E 0.68269
Variant answer in brief
The retained interval has z-bounds -1 and 1, while 74°C has z-score 0.5. Dividing the probability between z=0.5 and z=1 by the probability between z=-1 and z=1 gives 0.21955, choice B.
Setup
Setup
Standardize the two retention bounds and the target temperature.
z62=−1,z74=0.5,z78=1
Model
Model
Within the retained interval, being above 74°C means falling between 74°C and the upper retention bound.
Pr(X>74∣62≤X≤78)=Φ(1)−Φ(−1)Φ(1)−Φ(0.5)
Compute
Compute
Evaluate the numerator interval and divide by the full retained probability.
The 3108-page Probability Proof Manual reorganizes 718 verified Exam P solutions by syllabus skill and adds formula proofs, error patterns, and original worked practice.