This Exam FM sample reference tests Cash-Flow and Risk Matching. Backward cash-flow matching fixes the year-three zero at 1,000, the year-two bond face at 980.39, and the year-one bond face at 970.68; choice A.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
BChoice B is inconsistent with the backward exact cash-flow matching system; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
CChoice C is inconsistent with the backward exact cash-flow matching system; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
DChoice D is inconsistent with the backward exact cash-flow matching system; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
EChoice E is inconsistent with the backward exact cash-flow matching system; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: recover the liability supported by a bond ladder
A ladder holds a one-year 2% coupon bond with face 452.85, a two-year 5% coupon bond with face 761.90, and a three-year zero with face 1,000. Coupons are annual. If years two and three are exactly matched, what year-one liability does the ladder support?
A 450.00
B 475.00
C 500.00
D 525.00
E 550.00
Variant answer in brief
Year one receives 1.02(452.85) plus 5% of 761.90, totaling 500.00, choice C.
Setup
Setup
At year one, the first bond pays coupon plus redemption while the second bond pays its first coupon.
C1=1.02(452.85)+0.05(761.90)
Model
Model
The three-year zero contributes nothing before year three.
C1=461.907+38.095
Compute
Compute
Adding the two available year-one cash flows gives 500.002, with the difference caused by quoted face-value rounding.
C1=500.002
Answer
Answer
The ladder supports a year-one liability of 500.00, corresponding to choice C.
The 2210-page Financial Mathematics Proof Manual reorganizes 461 verified Exam FM solutions by syllabus skill and adds formula proofs, error patterns, and original worked practice.