This Exam FM sample reference tests Duration and Convexity. The bond price equation implies yield 5.1251%; dividing the given Macaulay duration by one plus yield gives modified duration 13.71 years, choice C.
These notes identify the calculation error associated with each wrong letter when that error is reproducible.
AChoice A is inconsistent with the bond-price yield equation followed by the duration conversion; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
BChoice B is inconsistent with the bond-price yield equation followed by the duration conversion; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
DChoice D is inconsistent with the bond-price yield equation followed by the duration conversion; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
EChoice E is inconsistent with the bond-price yield equation followed by the duration conversion; no distinct standard single-step error producing it is identifiable.
Original practice · fully worked
Original variant: use modified duration for a price estimate
A fixed-income portfolio has modified duration 10.3349. Estimate its percentage price change for an immediate 0.30 percentage-point increase in annual yield, using the first-order duration approximation.
A -4.100%
B -3.600%
C -3.100%
D 3.100%
E 3.600%
Variant answer in brief
The first-order estimate is minus modified duration times the yield change, or -3.100%, choice C.
Setup
Setup
Convert the 0.30 percentage-point yield increase to decimal change 0.0030.
PΔP≈−DmodΔi
Model
Model
Apply the negative modified-duration sensitivity to the yield change.
PΔP≈−10.3349(0.0030)
Compute
Compute
The estimated proportional price change is negative 0.0310047.
PΔP≈−0.0310047
Answer
Answer
The portfolio price is expected to fall about 3.100%, corresponding to choice C.
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